Suchergebnisse

The necessity to establish a culture of public policy at all levels of state organization in Bosnia and Herzegovina stems from the dissatisfactory position of culture in society, as well as its marginalization. This paper focuses on the creation of a cultural heritage policy. Cultural heritage policy was chosen due to the importance of cultural heritage for Bosnia and Herzegovina and its population but also because of a non-existent solution for the prevention of its decay, devastation, and looting. Cultural heritage policy may be defined as a systemic and planned attitude of the state and its authorities towards the sector of cultural heritage. There is a need to create a cultural heritage policy, as a public sector policy arises in a moment of increased interest among international and national organizations of culture for studying the phenomenon of heritage. The importance of heritage is further increased due to its connections with the economy and tourism. The paper emphasizes that the creation of cultural heritage policy is conditioned by the existence of state/parastate authorities for the sector, by passing the regulations to arrange the sector of cultural heritage, by determining the model for financing the sector, and by adopting strategic documents determining the guidelines for the development of the sector.

The subject of this paper is the analysis of the position of culture as a public good in transition and post-transition social and economic context conditioned by neoliberal paradigm strengthening. Models and concepts of the culture policy which depict the relationship towards public good in culture will be presented as well. Individual culture policy models present opposite attitudes towards the principle that states that the culture is a public good. Special attention was addressed to the analysis of the transition from socialist culture policy to Neoliberal culture policy, i.e., analysis of the state's changed relationship towards public goods in culture. In socialist Yugoslavia, the principle of culture as a public good was introduced by the socialist culture policy. The nordic model of cultural policy is based on the idea of cultural democracy which includes equal access to culture for all citizens. The neoliberal model of culture policy denies the principle of culture as public good due to its primary market orientation. It rests on the Neoliberal economic paradigm and commercialization of cultural goods. In the majority of transition and post-transition countries, the culture sector cannot exist based on market business. Culture cannot exist without government support but it does not mean that culture funding should rely only on budget. One of the primary tasks for state culture policy in post-transition societies is the protection and promotion of the public function of culture.
State culture policy via legal, financial, value and organizational instruments must guarantee access to cultural goods to the greatest number of citizens possible.